The Afghanistan t20 World Cup cricket team, representing the country in international cricket, has a rich history dating back to the mid-19th century. It was in the early 21st century that the team began to witness notable success. The formation of the Afghanistan Cricket Board in 1995 marked a pivotal moment, leading to the team's affiliation with the International Cricket Council (ICC) in 2001. Additionally, Afghanistan became a member of the Asian Cricket Council in 2003, further solidifying its presence in the global cricket community.

As of February 2023, the Afghanistan t20 World Cup cricket team holds the 10th position in the Twenty20 International cricket rankings. Additionally, the team secured a notable world record by achieving the second-highest ever t20 World Cup score, posting an impressive 278/3 against Ireland in a match held at Dehradun on 23 February 2019.